Chapter Fifteen

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Bill Nye walks among the stones.

Rockfoot: Stop right there! *bares teeth hostilely* What do you think you're doing near the GeologyClan border?

Bill Nye: *steps back* Calm down! I mean no harm. I've come to teach these folks, *gestures toward audience* about science.

Rockfoot: *instantly relaxes* Oh, well in that case I'll bring you to Stonestar. He knows most about geology. But while I escort you I might as well give you a quick briefing.

Bill Nye: Sounds wonderful!

Rockfoot: Well, for starters, geology is the study of rocks. A rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids. For example, the common rock granite is a combination of the quartz, feldspar, and biotite minerals.

Bill Nye: Intriguing. *strokes chin thoughtfully* Are there any categorized groupings of stone?

Rockfoot: Yes, the three major groups of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

Bill Nye: Ah, I see.

Rockfoot: Well, we've arrived at the camp. You'll find Stonestar in his den, and he can go more into detail about the different types of rock.

Bill Nye enters a large stone cave with little pebbles and large boulders scattered everywhere. Stonestar's den was obvious; a roomy cavern in the dead center of the area.

Bill Nye: *poking head into den* Stonestar?

Stonestar: Enter.

Bill Nye: *walks tentatively forward* I'm Bill Nye, here to teach science. I met Rockfoot on the border and he said I could go to you for a description of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock.

Stonestar: Of course! I'll start with igneous. Igneous rock forms through the cooling and solidification of magmaor lava. This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting of rocks is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.

Bill Nye: I see.

Stonestar: Moving onto sedimentary. Sedimentary rocks are formed at the earth's surface by the accumulation and cementation of fragments of earlier rocks, minerals, and organisms or as chemical precipitates and organic growths in water. This process causes clastic sediments or organic particles to settle and accumulate, or for minerals to chemically precipitate from a solution. The particulate matter then undergoes compaction and cementation during at moderate temperatures and pressures.

Bill Nye: How interesting.

Stonestar: Finally, there's metamorphic stone. Metamorphic rocks are formed by subjecting any rock type—sedimentary rock, igneous rock or another older metamorphic rock—to different temperature and pressure conditions than those in which the original rock was formed. This process is called metamorphism; meaning to "change in form". The result is a profound change in physical properties and chemistry of the stone. The original rock, known as the protolith, transforms into other mineral types or other forms of the same minerals, by recrystallization.

Bill Nye: Very cool. Sorry to cut this short, but I must be going to another Clan now. Thanks for all the great information!

Stonestar: Not a problem! Happy to help.

Bill Nye: *leaving GeologyClan territory* Wow, finally a normal-acting Clan! I hope the rest of the journey of knowledge is like this.

Bill goes to sleep in a ditch.

Guess who wrote this. Take a wild guess. No, not Rio. Or Ember. Or Sushi. Or anyone but the FANTABULOUS Feather. Yes, I've returned from the depths of summer camp and am prepared to write lots of stuff!

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