Learning Korean (한국어 배우기) [COMPLETE]

Unit 1.10 - Korean Number

Remember. If you don't understands or can't read some of these koreans that means you aren't ready for this chapter and should go back and 복습. I'm not writing any pronunciation other than words that we didn't learn.

영 = zero
공 = zero

We learned all the numbers in the numbers chapters~ now we will learn more :PP

처음 = the first time/beginning

Common Usages:
처음에 = at first
처음부터 = from the beginning
처음부터 끝까지 = from start to finish
처음으로 = for the first time/ from the start

Examples:
저는 처음에 우리 학교가 좋지 않았어요 = I didn't like our school at first
저는 어제 공항에 (gong-haang) 처음 가봤어요 = Yesterday, I went to the airport for the first time
그들은 저를 처음부터 싫어했어요 = They didn't like me from the start
저는 그 책을 처음부터 끝까지 읽었어요 = I read that book from start to finish

마지막 = last (ma-jii-mak)

번째 = counter for 1st/2nd/etc (beon-jje)

첫 번째 = first (1st)

두 번째 = second (2nd) (etc..)

개 = counter for things

번 = counter for behaviors/actions

명 = counter for people (myeong)

대 = counter for automobiles

잔 = counter for a 'glass' of ____

마리 = counter for animals

Korean have a lot of counters for different things.

Korean Numbers

Korean numbers are actually very easy once you get the hang of them. But, because they are so different from English numbers, it is often hard for English speakers to fully understand them at first.

The Sino-Korean numbers are used in limited situations. You will slowly learn when to use the Sino-Korean numbers over the Native Korean numbers.

- When counting/dealing with money
- When measuring
- When doing math
- In phone-numbers
- When talking about/counting time in any way except the hour
- The names of each month
- Counting months (there is another way to count months using Native Korean numbers)

After 60, regardless of what you are doing, Native Korean numbers are rarely used. When you get that high (even as high as 40-50) it is common to use the Sino-Korean numbers instead. (So.. sorry but 110 isnt baek-yeol xD)

The Native Korean numbers are used when:

- You are counting things, people, age or actions
- Talking about the hour in time
- Sometimes used when talking about months.

Using Numbers: Counters

When counting anything in Korean, you need to use the Native Korean numbers. In addition, one thing that is very hard for English speakers to wrap their head around is that, when counting most things in Korean, you need to also include a 'counter.' The most common counters are:

개 = counter for things
명 = counter for people
번 = counter for behaviors/actions

There are many more counters, but if you can't remember the specific counter of something, you can usually substitute "개" (the counter for "thing") instead.

When counting in English, we usually don't use counters. Rather we just say: "two people," as in:

I met two people

But some things in English require the use of these counters. For example, you could not say "I bought two films" (referring to the film in a camera, not a 'movie'). Instead, you have to say "I bought two rolls of film." The word roll in that sentence is a counter, and is similar to the counters in Korean. The main difference is that counters are used to count almost everything in Korean.

The words 1, 2, 3, 4 and 20 change when adding a counter:

1 = 하나 -> 한
2 = 둘 -> 두
3 = 셋 -> 세
4 = 넷 -> 네
20 = 스물 -> 스무

All counters can be written in 2 different ways with no difference in meaning:

사람 두 명 OR 두 명의 사람 = 2 people
펜 다섯 개 OR 다섯 개의 펜 = 5 pens

However.. the first is like an active and second is like a passive.. meaning we usually say 사람 두 명.
Just like english.. we use active more:
I drank the milk OR the milk was drank by me.

When writing out the word instead of using the numeral (for example, writing "한" instead of "1") the correct form is to have a space between the written number and the counter. For example:

한 개 instead of 한개
두 번 instead of 두번
세 명 instead of 세명

When the Native Korean numbers are used (i.e. when counting things or actions), the numeral is more typically used than the word.

In other situations where Sino-Korean numbers are used, there is no difference if you use the Sino-Korean numeral or the word.

These nouns that we have counted can now become the object of a sentence:

나는 펜 네 개를 샀어
= I bought four pens

나는 햄버거 (hem-beo-geo) 두 개를 먹었어
= I ate two hamburgers

나는 어제 친구 다섯 명을 만났어
= I met five friends yesterday

OR

나는 네 개의 펜을 샀어
= I bought four pens

나는 두 개의 햄버거를 먹었어
= I ate two hamburgers

나는 어제 다섯 명의 친구를 만났어
= I met five friends yesterday

Notice the difference in placement of ~를/을 in the first and second examples.

Although the placement of the particles is important for your initial understanding of Korean grammar, eventually, you will become more comfortable with omitting particles altogether. Omitting particles is not something I recommend for a beginner because it is very important that you understand how to use them perfectly for more complex sentences. Nonetheless, most often in speech, particles in this situation are often omitted. For example, you might hear something like this:

펜 네 개 샀어
= I bought four pens

Here are some more examples of counters in use:

그 사람은 차 네 대가 있어요
= That person has four cars

저는 우유 두 잔을 샀어요
= I bought two glasses of milk

저는 땅콩 두 개를 먹었어요
= I ate two peanuts

Plzz highlight and comment the parts u need help on!!

Continue - Unit 1.10 (2)